Representation of Headline

                                           

The representation of this article is of a teenage thug causing trouble in London. I think this due to the fact he's wearing tracksuit with a hidden appearance suggesting that he's been making trouble or done wrong. Young people tend to wear adidas so this is why he's being represented as a troubled youth. Also because there is fire behind him this suggests that he's caused it and also because fires dangerous is suggests he's threat. The use of the word 'spread' goes with the image of fire, as spreads quickly just like the riots.
 

Bias in the News: Political Affiliations

Right Wing:

-       Conservative supporters, UKIP, BNP

-       The daily mail, The telegraph, The times, The sun

-       “You earn what you work for and should keep what you can”

-       Survival of the fittest/ richest/ best educated

-       Believe in privatisation of things like health care, education, ect

-       Do not want welfare state, ie benefits etc.

-       In favour of Brexit

-       Anti- immigration

-       Many voted against equal rights for gay people, some have ‘traditional’ views of women and pay

-       Often tied to the church or Christian belief.

Middle:

-       Liberal democrats

       -       The Independent  

       -       Support aspects of both right and left wing parties.

Left:

       -       Labour party, Green Party, Socialist worker Party, Communism

-       The Guardian, The Mirror

-       Believe in spreading the wealth for more equality

-       Taxation for the rich to pay for support for the poor

-       Support nationalism

-       Public health, state education etc.

-       Pro- Europe, against Brexit

-       Pro- Multi culture (Pro immigration)

-       Pro- Gay marriage, woman’s rights etc.

-       Pro- Environment and worried about climate change

Newspaper Audience Response (Gerbner)

George Gerbner: Argues that exposure to repeated patterns of representation over a long period of time can shape and influence the way in which people can receive the world around them.

Newspapers including the following topics:
- Pro Corbyn
- Anti - Corbyn
- Pro May
- Anti - May
- Pro Trump
- Anti - Trump
- Pro Brexit
- Anti - Brexit
- Immigration
- Muslims
- Refugee Crisis.
- Free schools?
- Rich VS Poor ft. Grenfall
- NHS funding
- Strikes
- Mass Shooting
- US Gun Laws
- ISIS

How to spot Bias in a newspaper...

-Bias through Pictures/graphics - E.g. Camera angles, captions.

-Bias through Word choice and tone in the body of the text. 

-Bias through choice of Journalist and sources - Who is writing it and what are their beliefs, and who have they got their information from?

-Bias through choice of Journalist and sources - Who is writing it and what are their beliefs, and who have they got their information from?

-Bias through omission and selection - Whether the article is even published or not.

 - Bias by headline

-Bias by use of names and titles - E.g. 'terrorist' or 'freedom fighter'? 'Ex con' or 'someone who served a sentence a long time ago.'

-Bias through statistics and Crowd counts - E.g. 'A hundred injured in air crash' or 'Only Minor injuries in an Air crash.'

Newspaper Article Analysis

The structure of a News Article:

- Who is the story about?
- What is the story about?
- Where did the story happen?
- When did the story take place?
- Why did the story happen?

- Further details/quotes.

- Background/ opinion/ Future?

Presentation on TV Drama

Semiotic Analysis of Newspaper Front Covers

 

Intro to News, Tabloids and Broadsheets

Overview:
-Newspapers have been around since the mid 17th century (probably earlier in some forms).
-Until the 20th century (and the intro of audio visual broadcasting - radio/pathe news) newspapers were the primary means of bringing news to the public.
-Unlike news broadcasting, newspapers do not have to be impartial - they are allowed to show their political bias.
-They are largely self regulating. They have a regulating body- IPSO the independent Press Standards organisation (formerly the press complaints commission).
- Leveson inquiry 2011 - in response to allegations of phone hacking ate the News of The World (amongst others) was carried out. It suggested a code of conduct and tighter controls be imposed - nothing has really happened about this (apart from the new IPSO instead of the PCC)
- The newspaper industry is largely in decline in terms of print circulation. Newspapers have had to adapt and move online in a bid for survival.

CODES AND CONVENTIONS:
Broadsheet features:
-Formal
-Older audience
-A,B,C1 - Upper/middle class
-Business/professional
-Mainly text, multiple articles, serious
-Dull/plain
-small font
-minimal small photos
-Quality and serious headlines

Tabloid Features:
-Popular
-Informal
-Entertainment
-celebrities, TV, gossip, reality
-many big photos (mostly of people)
-Lots of advertisement
-Bright, big headlines - puns/jokes
- C2, D,E - Lower social groups
-Use of gimmicks - Bingo, free travel tickets etc.

Populars (Tabloid):
-The sun
-Daily mirror
-Daily Star

Mid Market:
-Daily mail
-Metro
-Sunday express

Quality (Broadsheet):
-Daily Telegraph
-The I
-The Time

George Gerbner

                                                

George Gerbner is a media theorist on audience and stated the cultivation theory- The idea that exposure to repeated patterns of representation over long periods of the time can shape and influence the way in which people perceive the world around them.

He also states that media messages aren't directly injected into the passive media audience but are built up by a series of repetition and enforcing of the message. 

Curran and Seaton

                                            

Curran and Seaton and industry theorists. They theorised the idea that the media is controlled by a small number of companies primarily driven by the logic of profit and power. Also the idea that media concentration generally limits or inhibits variety, creativity and quality. Finally the idea that more socially diverse patterns of ownership help to create the conditions for more varied and adventurous media productions.
Overall, if we had more of a variety of media companies, we'd have more of a variety of texts.

News Values

Main Valves:

Threshold- Big impact/ big story
Unexpectedness- a shock event/ out ordinary
Negativity- Bad news
Elite persons/ places- Famous/ important
Unambiguous- No confusion/ straightforward
Personalisation- Personal/ human story/ relatable
Proximity- Close to home
Continuity/ Currency- updates to stories/stories that continue

Gatekeeping - A term which is applied to the editing and filtering process where decisions are made to let some information 'pass through' to the receiver (audience) and other information remains barred.

News Values - Galtung and Ruge:

In 1965 some media researchers analysed international news stories to find out what kind of stories came top of the news 'agenda' worldwide. Their findings led them to creating a list of 'news values' - A kind of scoring system. A story that scores highly on each news value is very likely to make the front page, or the start of a TV news bulletin.


Newspaper Terminology

Super Mints Advert and Evaluation

Evaluation: